完形填空主要考查学生的语言综合运用能力,是一道综合性英语试题。它集词法、句法、逻辑分析以及事理常识于一体,具有较高的检测功能和解题难度。那么,完型填空有哪些特点和解题步骤呢?解题技巧又有哪些呢?伊顿教育小编为大家一一解答!
一. 高考完形填空题的特点
1.文章的选材注重原汁原味,文章的难度与高中英语教材难易基本相当
2.文章的长度一般在250--300个单词左右,文章的首句一般不设空
3.文章的体裁分为记叙文类完形填空;夹叙夹议类完形填空;说明文、议论文类完形填空
4.文章侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中的运用,着重考查以实词为主,包括动词、名词、形容词、副词和代词等,而对介词、连词这些虚词考查的较少。
二. 高考完形填空的解题步骤
游览全文,把握结构、抓准主题;细读全文、透析文意、确定答案;检查验证,理清逻辑。
三. 高考完形填空的解题技巧
根据上下文语境,合理推断;根据生活常识及文化背景进行逻辑推理;根据惯用语和固定搭配来解题;根据词汇的意义及用法辨析词义解题;根据行文逻辑推理来解题。
今天我们首先学习高考完形填空——根据上下文语境合理推断 的解题方法。
上下文语境是逻辑推理的依据。完形填空的设题特点就是在对上下语境的理解基础上设题考查学生的语言运用能力。因此,浏览全文,领悟文章主旨,通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。
2016年卷Ⅰ
One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 (disabled) vehicle . Larry pulled over , set the brake and 47( got hold of ) the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out .
45 A. flames B. smoke C. water D. steam
答案解析:根据下文 “ the fre extinguisher(灭火器)”和本段较后一句中的“he fire was put out”可以推断有火焰 (flames)从车里冒出来。故选A
2015 卷Ⅱ
This led to some 26 experiences on Saturday as they played against teams 27(better) trained. Through the first two games , her 28 (team) did not get one serious shot on goal .
26 A. painful B. strange C.common D. practical
答案解析: 结合上下文可知,她们周末对抗的球队是一些受过更好训练的强队,因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些痛苦的 (painful)经历 。strange 奇怪的 , common( 普通的 ) practical (实际的)。故选A
2015卷
I’m an ambitions 40 ,and when I started going through chemo ( 化疗),even though I’m a very 41 ( positive) person , I lost my drive to write .
40 A. reader B. writer C. editor D. doctor
答案解析: 根据后文中的“I lost my drive to write ( 我失去了写作的动力)”可知,作者是一名作家。故选B。
2014年辽宁卷
It was already half past seven and I was running late again for the dinner appointment with my wife ,Eleanor . We had 1 (agreed ) to meet at the restaurant at seven o’clock . I felt a little uneasy , but to my 2 , I had a good excuse . A business meeting had 3 ( run over ) and I’d wasted no time getting to dinner .
2 A. relief B. surprise C. regret D. sorrow
答案解析: 根据下文 “ I had a good excuse” 可以推断出作者找到理由,故才 “ 放松 、 安慰 (relief)”。 故选A