高考英语短文的改错占比不大,但是涉及的知识点比较多,伊顿教育小编今天跟大家讲解的是短文改错中连词、介词的常见错误,希望此文对大家有所帮助。更多教育资讯与学习资料的领取取,敬请关注伊顿教育陕西网站!
一 . 连词的错误
连词分为并列连词和从属连词,并列连词有表关联(and),转折(but/ however),选择(or), 因果关系(so / therefore)等。从属连词主要考查定语从句,名词性从句与状语从句的连接词。
1. 并列连词的误用
2016年 ( 卷 I )
Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are used for cooking .
答案解析:根据句意可知,fresh vegetables 和 high quality 为并列关系,而非转折关系。答案: or 改为and.
2016年四川卷
Mom has a full - time job , so she has to do most of the housework.
答案解析:根据语意,前后句之间为转折关系。答案: so 改为 but.
2. 从属连词的误用
① 定语从句关系词的误用
定语从句关系词分为 关系代词和关系副词。关系代词是定语从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语、定语时,用that/ which/ who/ whose ; 不缺少以上成份时,就用关系副词 when/ where/ why .介词后面用 which /whom .
2016 四川卷
The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.
答案解析:根据句子结构分析,考查定语从句,从句中缺少宾语. 先行词 the dishes 指物,所以 what 改为 that /which . 另外,在定语从句中,宾语可以省去,所以what也可以省去。答案:what 改为 that / which或省去。
②名词性从句连词的误用
名词性从句的连词分为连接词that / whether / if ;连接代词 who / whoever , whom / whomever, what /whatever .which /whichever ,whose ; 连接副词 where(ver) / when (ever) how(ever)/ why 等,从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语,就用连接代词 ; 不缺少以上成份,句子意思完整就用 that , 不完整就用 whether /if 或其它连接副词。
2016年 ( 卷 I )
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant to that I live .
答案解析: 根据句子结构可知, 介词 to 后为宾语从句,从句谓语live 是不及物动词,因此将that 改为 where ,在宾语从句中做状语。答案: that 改为 where .
2015 ( 卷II )
After looking at the toy for some time ,he turned around and found where his parents were missing .
答案解析: 根据句子结构分析,found后接宾语从句,语意完整 。答案: where 改为 that 或删去where .
③ 状语从句连词的误用
状语从句分为时间、地点、原因、条件、让步、目的、结果、比较、方式等,要根据语义判断上下文的逻辑关系确定其连词。
2015 年陕西卷
My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor after I was packing them up .
答案解析: 根据句意, 我的错误是我将它们打包的时候误掉在地上。考查时间状语从句连词的误用。答案: after 改为 when或 while.
④ 强调句连接词的误用
判断强调句型:“it is ... that”去掉,是完整句。
It was a year ago when John got a bike for Christmas , and he rode it every day .
答案解析:这里考查强调句,去掉 “it was ... that”, 句子完整。答案: when 改为 that .#p#副标题#e#
二. 介词的错误
介词常见的错误主要是考查词组中介词的误用,介词意义理解偏差,介词的多用和少用。
2016 (卷III )
Now I am leaving home to colldge.
答案解析: 固定词组 leave ...for 表示“离开某地去某地”。 答案: to 改为for .
2015 (卷II )
Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
答案解析:根据句意,Tony 在商店里看到了一个玩具。“在里面”要用介词 in. 答案:on 改为 in.
2016 四川卷
Dad cleaned the house , and then went on shopping.
答案解析: 固定词组 go shopping 表示 “去购物”。答案: 去掉介词on .
2016年 ( 卷 I )
My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time .
答案解析: dream of doing sth是固定搭配,意为“梦想做某事”。答案:在becoming 前加介词of.
今天我们总结了短文改错—连词、介词 的常见错误,希望同学们在今后的学习中,密切关注小品词的用法,多记忆固定词组、固定搭配。